hOman has a For centuries turned towards nature for satisfaction and rehabilitation, without knowing why it makes us feel better. Robert Louis Stevenson wrote in the mid -1870s, “It is not much for the beauty of the jungle that claims to the hearts of men, as for something that, the standard of air that comes out of the old trees, which, surprisingly changes a tired passion and renews it.” But what is this precise thing, and why does it have such a profound effect on us?
The book review B (b (b ( “Nature and Mind: How the science of nature improves academic, physical and social fitness,” “Mark Burman (S&S/Simon Element, 336 pages).
Neuro scientist Mark Berman “in nature and mind: How nature improves academic, physical and social fitness,” I bring data, and look at other scientists in psychological and physical ways by other scientists, which improves human well -being by spending in a natural environment. He began mentioning the 2008 study as a graduate student with his advisers at Michigan University.
Researchers also gave memory tests challenging the articles, including a backward digit Spain task, in which they will listen to the list of nine digits and then try to repeat them in the opposite sequence. After completing the test, the articles either traveled to the city’s Ann Arbor route or at the university address, Arbortum, and repeated the tests. The urban walk did not affect the participants’ score, but walking in Orbortum increased their performance on memory and attention -related works by 20 %. Given the pictures of natural or urban scenes, they were born similarly, though some weak, consequences.
Burman writes, “Other studies asked people how they feel after time in nature, but no one has ever understood the effects of nature on our understanding by using the purpose of purpose.”
In Burman’s view, attention is a central element of cognition. He is the focus of guidance – which is to focus and look at the ability to filter it, whose focus is less important – as an important human ability. He explained, “Instead of reacting to the shock of knees that we can regret, the focus of guidance allows us to stop, consider our intentions, and respond with people and experiences.” “It prevents our anger from becoming violently” and “keeps us at work when that’s what we want.”
“Other studies asked people how they feel in nature after time, but no one has ever understood the effects of nature on our understanding by using aims of actions.”
And modern society, the abundance of its disturbances – especially with the digital economy and social media, has pointed to the “world’s most dangerous resources”, in the words of the recent book “Siren’s Call”, political commentator Chris Hess. The businesses that want our attention.
For the founder and director of the Environmental Neuro Science Laboratory at Chicago University, this phenomenon is alarming because the focus of guidance is not just a significant ability. It is also a limited, and can be easily eliminated when we awaken multi -task, work and family needs, and try to eliminate tech -based noise. He warned, “Today, we are moving our guidance to an important place.” “When we are not necessary or adaptive, we are engaging, and our ability to maintain a key relationship and maintain a living life is in danger.”
Burman saw hope in a concept called the theory of attention, which was developed by the University of Michigan psychologists Rachail and Stephen Kapilin, which presents nature as a response to the lack of directed attention. Kaplan saw natural stimuli – thinking about leaves on trees branches, or clouds of sky -flowing clouds – as is basically different from main med signals, such as cell phone alerts or billboards. Nature’s eyes and voices are engaged in a kind of thinking that Kaplan is called “soft charm” who does not take attention to any observer. When you sit near the flowing stream, you can hear the spraying of water and let your brain wander wide. This experience, the Kapilan, guessed, provided the opportunity to pay our guidance.
The 2008 “Walk in the Park” study was an initial experimental test of the theory of rehabilitation. The consequences were encouraging, but more questions were raised for Burman: How much rehabilitation is in nature? How did it work, and how can it apply?
In Burman’s view, attention is a central element of cognition. He is the focus of guidance – which is to focus and look at the ability to filter it, whose focus is less important – as an important human ability.
In a follow -up study, Burman and his colleagues recruited the participants who were facing clinical depression and forced them to perform the same memory, then the same walk. Prior to the walk, researchers indicated their articles to think about something negative, so that they could repeatedly put them in a style of negative rumors that have been directed by sadness and SAPS. Participants who work in nature show more scholarly benefits than original studies.
Berman writes, “It felt like a fifty-minute miracle-therapy that has no known side effects that are readily available and can improve our academic work at zero costs.” The results of the University of Illinois echoed the results that discovered that when the children of ADHD spent time in the green outdoor settings, they then shown less attention related to others who spent time spent in human -made places. In one study, children with ADHD showed attention in a park after a walk, comparing the effects of Rutlin’s diet.
Another notable aspect of Burman’s results was that people did not like to take advantage of it. The participants in the walking studies did not always face mood benefits, but they showed a clear improvement. Berman observed, “Good medicine does not always taste sweet.”
Another area of Burman’s research was examined as to which features of nature provided these benefits. Through numerous studies that asked the articles to classify pictures of natural and constructed settings, he and his colleagues found four important features that people consider to be “natural”: the twist of rivers, such as rivers. The absence of straight lines, such as highways. Green and blue color; And dissolution – branching samples that repeat on several scales. Fractal can be manufactured in terms of mathematics, but they are also found in nature, from trees branches to many snopral designs.
“Natural curved posts and natural dissolves are all softly interesting because they can maintain balance Complication And Forecast“Burman writes.” They are not so complicated that they are heavy, but do not predict that they are bored. Instead, they live in a kind of dynamic balance, such as a drug waterfall or burning campfire.
The use of artificial nerve networks – machine learning programs that can make decisions similar to the human brain. Burman and doctorate student found that more natural elements are more likely to be less memorable for citizens than citizens’ scenes. This shows that it takes less guidance to take action on natural stimuli. When we look at something like a tree that contains a large amount of leaves, we do not zero at each individual’s address and do not analyze its characteristics. Instead, we throw many repeated elements and focus on key features, such as the overall shape of the tree, mass and color. This gives us more mental strength for other tasks.
The participants in the walking studies did not always face mood benefits, but they showed a clear improvement. Berman observed, “Good medicine does not always taste sweet.”
These observations are the implications of the design – not only of us who can easily add plants and natural materials to our homes, but largely. An ongoing focus in the Environmental Neuro Science Lab in Berman is linking urban science to urban science to improve the design of cities and towns. They say that access to nature should be viewed as a human right rather than a good perk, and that providing more green space in cities is especially important, where the majority of the world lives.
“If we do not investigate the increase in individual and social health that nature can present to us – if we just follow a sense of intestines is that nature is. Nice – Then only the most wealthy of us will continue to reach permanent access to the methods that nature can keep us healthy and safe, “he claimed. In the meantime, the lack of access to the poor and the backward population will continue, and worse, will be said (or shown) that nature is not that nature is not. For They
Although Burman is clearly disappointed with our trend that we cannot be gauged from how much we need nature, it is highly qualified to read and a strong candidate for a hard -free account. Humans, they remind us, “Who are we not just by individual factors – who are we because of our environment and individual factors interact us with environmental factors (such as nature).”
They concluded, “And Science,” it shows that the fulfillment of access to the green space changes the minds beyond our wild expectations. “
Jennifer Wax (@Jenniferweeks83.bsky.social) is a journalist and former senior editor based in Boston who has been published in Audobin, Slate, Boston Globe Magazine and many other shops.
