The study follows the nebula of the planets through the evolution of 130 years

The universe is a slow changing place. Although it is most true that the heavens and the deep heavenly things in it will appear on the average of the massive human life, there are such dramatic examples that violate this trend.

One such case is the planet’s nebula IC418. Located in the LaPs, the green is sometimes known as “Spragraph Nebula” due to its integrated looping structure.

A research published in a recent edition of The letters of the astronomical journal Researchers at Manchester University and Hong Kong University have charted the growth and evolution of IC418, which covers the observations for years after its discovery in the late nineteenth century.

On March 26, 1891, IC 418 was discovered by Scottish-American astronomer Waliamina Fleming. Fleming was currently working in the Harvard Observatory (HCO) as part of the dripper catalog survey. For the survey, the glass plates were carefully examined and the Fleming 59 was about to discover the passion. The IC418 later misinterpreted John Lee Direar’s deep sky -in -index index catalog.

+9th, shining on dimensions, IC 418 is a clear 18 arc seconds in diameter. The planet’s nebullan named them as a ghost planet disk from their appearance. The IC 418 is about 2,000 2,000 light years away, and is about 0.2 0.2 light years.

The IC418 has the advantage that spectroscope measures almost unoccupied with the uninficial lineage, leading to the birth of a technique in the 1890s. This study analyzed them, noting over time by noting the changes in the spectrum and appearance of the nebulla. It raised a challenge, as Spain covered visual observations, as well as photography measurements that begin with glass plates in the film Era, which are digital and CCD cameras used today. The Hubble Space Telescope has frequently image IC418 in the past years.

Albert Zejlastra (University of Manchester) told the universe today to the universe, “We have used the oldest figure 1893, when the first spectrum (William W) was seen by Campbell.” “It was done with bare eyes, but it has well described that we can use it for our study.”

The key to this study was emission lines in the blue range, which covered the hydrogen in the region of the spectrum, known as the Double Evanis Oxygen (OIII). It was thought of being in the early 20th century that it was a sharp element “nebulium”.

Zejlastra says, “We re -deployed the line ratio (in the spectrum). In some cases, re -fixing the line proportion that we know about the sensitivity of the photography immunization.”

The nebulla of planets like the IC418 is ready when a star near the end of his life enters a red giant stage and begins to shed goods into space during his last death. The last end eliminates the star as a dense dwarf white dwarf, which is 0.6 times the mass of our sun. This dense object is pressed into a volume about the size of the ground. This shining amber of the star is included in the cocoon of gas and dust.

The star located in the heart of the IC418 is currently passing through a white dwarf from the red giant, a white dwarf. Our sun and solar system can share similar fate, which is almost five billion years later.

The study has identified the first look at the evolution of a dying star over a century long period. It not only revealed the indicator of the last moss of the Projinter Star, but also revealed how the star was getting heated up compared to any other common star observed before. The irony is that this increase is still slower than the models of predictions of the evolutionary evolution.

In particular, this study has found that the main star has increased to 3000 degrees Celsius since discovery, or to 1000 degrees Celsius every 40 years. On the contrary, our sun saw such an increase during a period of 10 million years.

It is important to understand how important to return stars carbon into space in their final stages. This amazing discovery can mean that our understanding of carbon star evolution can be for revision.

“IC 418 is rich in carbon, which means that the star has been enriched in carbon before the withdrawal of Nebulla,” says Zejalistra. Most carbon in the universe comes from this kind of stars. We were able to determine the actual mass of the star (40 % more of the sun’s mass). This is less than what models have predicted where the carbon came from. Of course. It is a source of carbon based on organic life, so it is part of our own origin. “

It also shows the value of the use of old observations. Another such example was the 2016 discovery of the potential symbols of the planet system around Van Manin’s star, which was seen on a glass plate since 1917.

It was great to see the preparations for new science to the old observations. What’s the work in these old glass plate collections and notebooks, looking forward to discovery?