Big Hart, the intense senses of the explosive radiation of the early fish, indicates the digital reconstruction

An international team led by the Canadian Museum of Nature and Scientists at the University of Chicago reorganized the brain, heart, and wings of a Norosylspace Glacials from a small gossip, which includes a drainage from the nosyllaspes glaciers, and the jaws, and the jaws.

“These are the opening works for an important event in our own deep evolutionary history. Nature.

The fish has been carried out for about half a billion years. The earliest species lived near the sea floor, but when they used to jaw and teeth, everything changes. 400 million years ago, jaw fish dominated the water column. Finally, long animals – including humans – also originated with the radiation of the western.

It has been an issue for a long time, however, how this important event happened. The standard theory believes that the jaws were produced first, and other parts of the body changed to maintain a new hunter lifestyle.

“But there is a huge difference to the data below this change,” said Michael Quotes, professors and chair of biology and anatomy in Ochkigo and a senior author of the research.

“We have been deprived of snap shots from the Goshim Record that will help us order key events to order changing style and direction.”

The new study turns the “jaw before” on its head. There was a post postage in Coats’ lab in Chicago, Miashita said, “We have found the features of a fish, noorosphere, which we think are unique to jaw forms.”

“From the Devonian era, it shows that more than 400 million years ago, shows that severe senses and a powerful heart are well developed before the jaw and teeth.”

The neurospels that the team studied is so safe in a piece of sticks that they were able to scan it and see the effects of their heart, blood vessels, brain, nerves, inner ears, and even small muscles that move the eyebrows.

In 1969, in 1969, the Norway’s Arctic Peninsula was hidden in one of the thousands of sandstone blocks collected during the French palionological campaign for Spotsburgeon.

After 40 years, the cliffs, the co -authors of the study, Philip Janveer and Perry Greo, were openly distributed, which revealed the safe cranium of Norosilspace barely half -inch long. Team Fusil took the Paul Sherler in Switzerland to a particle accelerator to scan with high energy X -ray beams.

The result was falling from the jaw. Slice Bye Slice, X -ray Images, revealed fragile bone films that linked the fish organs in a surprising detail. In one hundredth of a millimeter width, these tissue thin bones occupy the ghosts of the organs that were previously kept by skeleton.

Back to Chicago, digital imaging expert Kirsten Tetjan (now at the Biovascular Institute of Kansas University) worked with Miashita and Coats, and thousands of screens to digitally dissolve and sew the fish anatomy together.

“With this wonderful digital Atlas, we now know Norosilsus more physical detail than a lot of living fish,” said Miashita. For example, there were seven small muscles to move fish fountains, while there are six in humans. He arranged the inner ears, a huge heart, and the ships like a highway bypass to carry more blood. Miashita compares to fruits.

He said, “If Noroselpsis were on our scale, its inner ears would be the size of every Ekkado, and his heart would be like a watermelon of cantalp.”

The fish uses its inner ears the same way we use, to feel vibration, familiarity and acceleration. Heart and high blood flow provides more horsepower for animals. “One can also say that Norosilospess had a shark heart under the skin of the lamps,” said Miashita.

The fish bent behind the flowers, also developed a pair of pedal -like wings, about which Coats said that suddenly it would be useful for stopping, bursting and turning. These physical innovations made Norosilsps some of the sports car in their time generally slow jubilee fish.

Such “action -filled” anatomes are ready to avoid hunters rather than pursuing hunting. But when the rapidly escaped reaction to the fish, it will result in the benefit of the jaw fish to contrast, detect and effectively catch the food.

“When the jaws were prepared against this background, it brought an important combination of sensory, swimming and feeding system, which eventually led to an abnormal type of diverse and diverse fish.”

However, the early jaws were better shielded to suck with water and mud instead of passing with the victim. “It was not as easy as you march from the bottom feeder to a top hunter,” said Miashita.

The new research also challenged the idea that modern tetrapids have been developed by a modified flower structure in the shoulders and weapons.

The team tracked the nerves on the shoulder in the Norsilspace and found that it was separate from the nerves in the flowers.

Instead, the team argues that the shoulder was developed as a new domain, a completely new structure with the neck, which caused the head to be separated from the torso.

“Many of these evolutionary changes are linked to how the head is attached to the trunk,” said Mashta.

In ancient fishes, the head continues with the torso, while the jaw rash keeps the neck and throat to separate both regions. The noorilospace is in the middle. His head is directly attached to the shoulder without the neck, almost almost as if our arms are sticking to the cheeks. But the organs of this interface, such as the inner ears, shoulders and the heart, are more and more capable of navigating its environment. Better or reorganized.

Experts are still investigating what the change has incited. Some, such as the Christian Clug of the University of Zuric, Switzerland, who were not involved in this study, believed that the lineage of Norosilspace was born in the so -called Nikton Revolution, when marine organisms began to move forward in a water column. After that the game was about sharp, smart and more planning.

“Wee, we often emphasize a historical event, we often emphasize that they are at a clutch, in this regard.

“But it is important that we understand the context. With Norosilsepse, we can really find it in his heart.”