Scientists just re -created the universe’s first molecule and resolved the 13 billion -year -old Puzzle

Scientists just re -created the universe’s first molecule and resolved the 13 billion -year -old Puzzle

Big Bang’s immediately. Later, which occurred about 13 13.8 billion years ago, the universe dominated the unimaginable temperature and density. However, after just a few seconds, it was quite cool for the formation of the first elements, mainly hydrogen and helium. They were still fully ionized at this location, as it took about 380,000 years to form temperature in the universe by re -counting with free electrons for neutral atoms. It first paved the way for chemical reaction.

The oldest inauguration in existence is the Helm Hydroid ion (Hehe)+), Neutral helium atoms and ionized hydrogen are formed by nucleus. This begins the reaction of the chain, which leads to the formation of molecular hydrogen (H2), which is the most common molecule of the universe.

After the re -counting of the universe, after the ‘dark period’: Although the universe was now transparent because of the free electrons, but there was still nothing to extinguish the light, such as the stars. Several hundred million years have passed since the formation of the first stars.

During this early stages of the universe, however, easy molecules like Hahi and H2 were essential for the formation of the first stars. The Protestar contract’s contract gas cloud will have to eliminate the heat where nuclear fusion can begin. This happens through collisions that incite atoms and molecules, which then remove this energy in the form of a photon. About 10,000 degrees Celsius, however, this process becomes ineffective for dominant hydrogen atoms. Further cooling can only be through molecules that can emit extra energy through circulation and vibration. Due to its obvious dopol moment, the ion is especially effective at these low temperatures and is considered to be an important candidate for a long time to cool the stars. As a result, the concentration of helium hydroid ions in the universe can significantly affect the effectiveness of the initial star.

During this period, a collision with free hydrogen atoms was a huge way for a huge collapse, which formed a neutral helium atom and H2⁺ ion. As a result, reaction was reacted with another H -atom to form a neutral H2 molecule and a proton, which forms molecular hydrogen.

Researchers at Max Planck-Institute Fur Carfisk (MPI) in Headburg have now successfully re-made this reaction under the same circumstances like the early universe. He investigated the reaction of Hahi with the derivatives, which is an oxotop of hydrogen containing an additional neutrons in nuclear nucleus along with a proton. When the reaction with the deuties, the neutral helium atom, as well as an HD⁺ ion is formed instead of H2⁺.

This experiment was done on the Creyogenic Storage Ring (CSR) at the MPIC of Headburg-which is a global tool for molecular and nuclear reactions to investigate in place. For this purpose, the ions were stored in 35 meters in diameter ion storage color for 60 seconds in some cavities (-267 ° C), and was superpossed with the beam of neutral Dutchium atoms. By adjusting the relative speed of the two particle beams, scientists have been able to study how the collision rate varies with the energy of collision, which is directly related to the temperature.

They found that, contrary to previous predictions, the rate from which this reaction proceeds does not slow down with a decrease temperature, but remains almost permanent. “The previous theories predicted a significant reduction in the chances of reaction at low temperatures, but we were unable to confirm it in the experience of our colleagues or in the new ideological calculation.” He added, ‘HEH⁺’s reaction with neutral hydrogen and derivatives has been far more important than the previous speculation for chemistry in the early universe.’ This observed is in line with the results of a group of ideological physicists led by John Scibeno, which, in response to this reaction, indicated an error in the potential level calculation used in all previous calculations. The new calculations using a better potential level are now closely straightforward with the CSR experience.

Since the concentration of molecules such as Hahi and Molecular Hydrogen (H2 or HD) has played an important role in the formation of the first stars, this result brings us closer to solving the mystery of their formation.

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