tHere is something About Mars who tugs on imagination. The brightest item of the night sky after the moon, and more than Saturn with its amazing thumbs, more than the red planet, is something like the parallel version of our own world-like our home planet, it is enough that we can imagine going there enough, more than that, it can make it more than our remote desert. Since journalist David Baron, he has presented it to his new book, “The Martine: The true story of The true story that has engulfed the United States of the century,” I have presented it, “seems to be crossing the bodies of all other astronomy. It has an undeniable way of mystery and romance, which has not fully explained its physical reality. “
So far, while some indicators of past life on Mars have made scientists interesting, no final evidence has been found for the current life of Mars. However, at the end of the 20th century, the problem was a very open question on what to be found on Mars. Was life in this neighboring world, probably even intelligent life?
The book review B (b (b ( “Martinz: The true story of a stranger madness that acquired the turn of the century,” by David Baron (Lorest, 336 pages).
The “yes” aspect of this question was a champion of American astronomer Perkal Lovil, who is at the center of Baron’s story. Born in a wealthy family in Boston, Lylle became interested in science and was affected by the late Mars by the end of the 30s. In 1894, he founded the Loel Observatory in Arizona’s flag staff, which on the top of the land called Mars Hill.
Visitors can still see the telescope that looked at Lyall itself-32-foot-long Clark refractor, with a heavy 24-inch primary lens. Following in the footsteps of Baron, Lylle, he looked at Mars with the Observatory, which now has the name of Lovil. “The planet is beating and shaking – fading, then rotating, then sometimes remains silent and tentalizing focuses on quick.”
Baron did not see anything to suggest that Mars was, but Lille did. Or at least he wondered what he had done: the fine difference between what Laile “really” was seen, and what he saw, is a topic that runs in most parts of the book. What is definitely known is that Lyall had no intention of cheating. He was really convinced that he was watching what he had told the newspapers, including his famous canals. He gave a lecture on Mars and published books on it, and was widely cited in the popular press. At some point, both the New York Times and the Wall Street Journal were on the ship.
The idea that the dates before the Martin level are something notable. It is the easiest to observe the planet when it is on the closest view of the Earth, known as the opposition, according to every 780 days (about two years and two months). While observing Milan during opposition to the Italian astronomer Giwani Sheparley, 1877, signs were seen on Mars that he had interpreted from the oceans and the continents. He also witnessed linear features, which he called “Canali”, an Italian word which means channels. Some English reports of his work misrepresented him as a canal, and the name was stuck.
Louile, observing the flag staff, believes he is seeing even more: his drawing shows a wide network of canals that cross the Martin level. Perhaps, he argued, it was deliberately built by intelligent creatures. It soon developed a theory to explain these features: Mars is drying up, and its inhabitants are trying intensely to move the water from polar ice caps to the artisan areas. He noted in 1896, “I have no doubt that Mars has life and intelligence.”
Last year, Lovil presented a series of lectures in MIT, which forcibly discussed Mars for a sophisticated but disappointing civilization. Baron says he could even imagine an impact, if he were there: “Lyll made his case with such comfortable confidence and seemingly logic, if I had been in this MIT auditorium in 1895, I could imagine it myself.”
By that time, photography was a decades-old technology-but having to connect with a telescope to a camera and capturing images of remote planets has no meaning, for a number of reasons (of them, the Earth’s own environment offers this view of the best, to some extent, to some extent. Finally, however, many astronomers, including Lyall, have produced half of Mars’s decent images, which did nothing to resolve the canal dispute. Lovil was convinced that his photos were taken at the flag staff, supported his theory. Some other astronomers agreed, while others said they did not see any streams in the photo.
The suspects included a British astronomer Edward Walter Moderator. The mander devised an intelligent experience: he asked the school boy in London to try to copy the drawing he had hanged in front of the classroom. Different Nonds script blocks were shown on a circular disk in the drawing, reminding how a planet looks like a planet telescope IPS. One more sat in front of the room, actually a little appeared, so it was difficult to copy. Mind found that many boys’ drawings contain straight lines, though no such linear features were on the original. But this diet of psychology did not eliminate Mars Mania. Be confident in the canalists (as Baron calls them).
“There is something about Mars that reduces imagination.”
And Lovil was not alone: Emrost College astronomer David Todd’s husband and wife’s team and author and editor and editor were riding in Mabel Todd. With the financing of Louel, he moved a weighty Amhart Refractting Telescope in the Chilean Desert Attakama Desert to observe Mars from his famous site for his clear heavens. Their observations have confirmed the Luel’s canals, and even the presence of “double canals” – a special couple of parallel lines – which Lyall claimed to be seen.
Meanwhile, Author HG Wells shared the spirit of Mars in Lylle, and this enthusiasm will be serials for the first time in the “Worlds of Worlds” in 1897. Baron’s complex research shows that Wells and Luli met in Boston in 1906.
And the inventor Nicola was more Martin than Tesla Loyal. He even said that he had received a radio signal from the planet – a claim that even Lille was skeptical.
Witnessing Venus during the day in 1914, using a Clark refractor at the flag staff of Prakal Lul, Arizona, the same telescope he used most of his studies in Mars.
Visual: Vikimidia Commons
Slowly, but certainly, the matter of canals and marties began to become vapors. Astronomers took pictures using a new reflection telescope in Mount Wilson, California, with its 60 -inch mirror, no such lilly linear features were claimed. French astronomer Camlie Flameerin, who was the earliest supporter of the theory of the canals, faced doubts about some of the theories of Luel. Shiapareli, which can be said to have ignited Mars Mania, first, finally jumped. And some astronomers felt that Lylle was going too far when he said that not only Mars but Venice could tell anyone, a prominent, cloud-covered small ball. Plus There were rivers.
So what was happening? Are Martin’s streams equal to the Snapleepgus, a role in “Sesame Street” that (at least initially) was visible to the Big Bird only? As Baron said, Louile’s views were a classic case that we now call verification bias – almost, seeing what you want to see. He compared to King Arthur, which is a symptom that was very famous in the 19th century in England: “The symbols of King Arthur suffer in popular imagination because Wazards, magical swords, and a place called Camlot were really there but because the Victorian people Desired Their existence. “
Another factor in the city’s canals in Martin’s canals may, for the first time, the United States was subject to combining a kind of “popular culture”, which created a level of social harmony that had not existed before. As Baron notes, the Americans were now buying the same brand, using the same entertainment, and reading similar newspapers. (And some of these newspapers were ready to print any extraordinary claims about planets and foreigners.)
In the last spring, Mars had reached the opposition in January, seeing the Syrian sky significantly. By the beginning of September, it is drowning in the lower and lower parts of the western sky, and will soon disappear into the sunlight. But it will come back, and in the early 2027, it will once again shine in our heavens. And while many of us, especially within bright cities, can hardly give the little red thinking, but there will always be people for whom it has a special attraction, as it did for many people at the end of the 20th century.
And who knows, we can really go there. As Baron is arguing, Lyall, who finally paved the way for the planet’s robotic research, and eventually can lead us to take his first step there. He writes, “His views about Mars, though he went from reality to fiction, impressed a generation after a generation,” he writes, “until he finally pushed us into space to learn the truth about our neighboring world. “
